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Third year of the Solar vehicle - Dőry István 
PhD - Edutus University of Tatabánya (Hungary)

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I greet the dear participants with respect 
on the solar mobility report.

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I'll show you the 2020 data of the Tatabánya-based 
(Hungary, Europe) Edutus University's

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so-called "Solar Snail", a solar vehicle.

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Right on the first page you can see a quick 
summary:

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all distance traveled in the first year was 
only 4768km,

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then from 5013km it went up to 5073km by 
the end of 2020.

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Maximum distance traveled/day with the solar 
vehicle went

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130km from 103km.

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This solar vehicle was built

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in 2017's event "Researchers Night"

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Then in worked fine, but since it just won't 
stop!

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In summer camps it carries equipments,

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even more, in this particular camp

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that one of the kids had an asthma attack, 
didn't knew where it's pills were,

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so I asked if we would go back to the camp 
site

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so we jumped into the solar vehicle,

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went to the school, found the pills, while 
the ambulace arrived, the kid got better.

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The solar vehicle look like this,

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you can see a big luggage compartment, a 
boot which is covered with 3 solar panels

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and a small cab. It's a full-electric chinese

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ice cream car was transformed for

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the 2017 Researcher's Night for solar purposes.

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Now I'll tell quickly what you should know 
about

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this praticular Solar Snail. Here you can 
see

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as the students assembling it together. A 
total of 17 students took part,

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so an originally low conspumtion electric 
car would have solar energy.

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This is the central computer under the seat,

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by the ELTE Informatics Faculty of Szombathely 
(Hungary),

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with the help of Dr. Gál László and a few 
students.

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it measures the main voltage and four currents.

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It combines them with the GPS and time coordinates.

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This report was based on these data,

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collected by the main computer in three years.

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Most importants data here, it's a yearly 
report of 2020.

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The voltage drops in the winter, but not 
because

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it's cold, insted it really drains as used, 
so it takes

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weeks as it's fully charged up again, but 
as spring comes it gets better,

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instead it can go 20-40km in a few days,

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usually with a useful activity.

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Another important chart with any solar vehicle

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if you have one, that it starts from zero

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with 2-4 volts

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with 1,5-2kWh the voltage raising by every 
day

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but as it's in motion the energy drains on 
a slope.

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around 15km is equal 1 volt and 0,4kWh,

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so if someone goes to a 70km distance,

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voltage is dropped by 3, and after 130kms 
by 7-8 volts,

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from the starting point, even if the Sun 
shines.

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This means the approximate range of the Solar 
Snail.

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This is provided by the Sun.

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You can see that there's 1-2kWh of electrical 
work each day. Yearly average is 1kWh a day,

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in summer about 2kWh in winther under 0,5kWh 
of electric work.

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This can be compared to a combustion engine's 
1litre of gas

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which is 10km by average is 10kWh,

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so the average vehicle consumption of energy 
is 30-40 times more.

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And this energy is even not produced by themselves.

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The Solar Snail produces this energy the 
it's panels

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it's own energy and consumes it.

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This means it carries Saudi Arabia on it's 
back

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wars didn't have to break out for the energy.

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A few from the solar vehicle's annual

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special data here.

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Average charge is 39km, which has

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+/- 12km as if it's being charged or used.

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From electrical network it can't be used 
at all.

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It can only be chareg by the sun even in 
motion.

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Energy efficiency is 5 litres, but not under 
100, but

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1000km. It is even not consumed as it produces 
it's own

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from solar energy. Cost effectiveness is 
also good,

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highest point ever was on 700 meters of Írottkő,

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Kőris-hegy in Bakony mountains, also around 
700  meters.

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Farthest distance was 130km, it was taken 
under 6 hours

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So you can see the Solar Snail's speed is 
really like a snail

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it's not really high: 24-25km/h.

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Usually it discharged two times a year, these 
are

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predicted, planned discharges, so it really

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drives a lot, it carries load

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sometimes it's fully discharged and remains 
on the site. This year

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01.12. Röjtökmuzsaj and 05.13 Répcelak was 
sites of full discharges.

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There are exceptions. Usually it comes back

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usually it is charged. If the Sun really 
shines, it can take

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a 130km trip.

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Since it has the main computer, we can precisely 
monitor the output

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the charging and the engine outputs as well.

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biggest charging output ever registered was

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626,9 Watts on 20th of May 2020

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midday, for only a minute. It needed a cool 
may

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a bit of wind, an an intense shining

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under the clouds, so a sudden energy charge 
could came up.

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Three years story: the km/day datas

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and the kWh/day datas fluctuating together.

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Now here's an experiment:

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Comparison of the Solar Snails milage with 
a Nissan Leaf's one.

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It turned out, that the Nissan Leaf's minimal 
consumption was doble times the Solar Snail's 
consumption.

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So, this was when the Leaf was really slow.

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When it was used in normal conditions, consumption 
went up to 3-5 times the solar vehicle's.

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And if you compare the solar one with more 
traditional cars,

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those consume 20-30 times more.

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Fun fact, that when the vehicle is stopped,

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the Nissan Lead shows peak consumption, because

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on that "distance" it does not move, but 
it takes 800 Watts to

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heat it's battery and run the computer.

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But when the Solar Snail stops, it is more 
likely to charge itself with 80 Watts,

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so it's consumption can turn into a negative 
area.

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Only a 10 minutes of rest makes another kilometer 
free.

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This is the main computer's screen

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with the speed, engine output, charging output.

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This 385W splits to the left red line,

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as left side solar panel, white line as the 
top panel, and

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the green line is the right panel, and as 
the sun shines from the left this last one 
is barely visible.

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The 1470 Watts can be seen, at the last two 
seconds

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there were 1470 Watts, but 20 seconds before 
it was even at 2500 Watts, or

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there were even an amount of zero.

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Distance traveled, elapsed time, remaining 
energy, inner resistance is shown.

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Also nominal voltage.

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I'll also show you a video, as the Snail 
moves,

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how this graph is taking shape, how these 
numbers change.

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Just a little physics:

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as the Solar Snail starts, voltage is dropped 
by 3 Volts, and after

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that, regarding to the distance traveled, 
energy consumed,

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by these numbers at the top as you can see,

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voltage is constantly dropping. As the Snail 
stops, depolarization happens.

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This is only the batteries taking a breath, 
not the solar energy charging.

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Then, after several hours, this value rises 
higher and higher.

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This was trip done in a few days, around 
150 km distance traveled.

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The Solar Snail gone through the river Rába, 
to a zoo, beach, several towns as for shopping,

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this is roughly the Solar Snail's summer 
performance.

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These two day's story

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is shown as many accelerations,

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stops happened. Both days. The first day 
there barely were

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any drops on the voltage, but the other day 
it is constantly decreasing

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despite that under these days around 5kWh 
of

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energy whas charged by tha panels.

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But from this amount it also consumed 7-8kWh,

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because it also consumed the energy stored 
in the batteries.

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This is a parking, very useful information 
collected: the Solar Snail is set to

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a southern orinetation: top panel's graph's 
like a sinus wave,

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as performance rises and drops. At the beggining, 
Sun shines from the right side,

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after that it ascends to the left, and shines 
from there.

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Here you can see another parking car going 
away with his shadowing effect to the side 
panel.

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This also shows that you have to park well 
with the Solar Snail. Luckily

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in summer, everyone wants to hide from the 
sun, but the

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solar vehicle stands on it.

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These are night shifts: on the summer camp

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previously shown there was a shift every 
night,

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it had to move loads from here to there and 
other stuff,

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so you can see that nothing can be seen:

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by the night it work just as fine as by day, 
just doesn't charges.

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A day after, it gets charged. This nice

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sewing machine pattern is four same turns 
with the vehcile, when 2-2

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beds were transported by the Snail. Here 
it accelerates,

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decelerates, and there were loadings of cargo.

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Solar Snail's ecological footprint from the 
transportation industry. A very interesting 
topic.

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What are we using for transportation? Some 
takes cars,

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other train, bus. A pretty big amount of

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pedestrians can be shown, but with little 
energy needs.

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but I did 150hours of walking, which has 
good effects

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on my health as well. I saved around 40.000 
HUF of

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medical costs, for instance.

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With biking as well, one can go economical 
with simply moving.

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Besides these, the Solar Snail consumes,

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but not that much! 360kWh in total.

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Even with amortisation, annual mileage is 
around 120000 HUF,

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including the solar panels and the vehicle 
body.

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The train is even more cheaper, but just 
because I get 50% off the price,

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also the bus has a very short value here

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but I only took train replacement buses.

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What is driving? Driving looks like

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100km done this year. I don't have one, but 
took a taxi to get some solar panels

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those already fitted and doing it's work 
on top my daughter's house.

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These 10 panels took one ride, and 20kg of 
Carbon Dioxide polluted into the air.

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But it could be two tons. Average

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car useage could emit tons of Carbon Dioxide.

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This can be compared to planes, also very 
high

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if someone takes plane, and electric bike, 
which has very small pollution.

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With all these, around 200kg of Carbon Dioxide 
emission was made

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But around two tons spared, not having the 
car

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and the plane. So the Solar Snail and walking

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biking and traveling by train does a very 
good service to the environment.

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I wanted to show that.

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This is the Solar Snails economic return. 
You can see

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that it has some gain: 49 HUF/km

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as it's operation consumes 26HUF/km. It is 
worth

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comparing what happens with cars: 80HUF/km 
for operation

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even with amortisation and energy. So the 
Snail really

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makes profit. By car there're very few freights, 
that

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whose making more profit than 80HUF/km.

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So when it's not just used for a status symbol 
purpose,

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for instance a theatre, where now

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only one third or none of the previously 
placed could be sold.

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As there thoughts go even farther, let's 
just see

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what it takes for the transportation from 
all the energy consumption

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or the Solar Snail: it's 60-70 Watts, including 
the

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train, cycling, electrigc bike and also

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the solar vehicle.

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The Solar Snails with it's average of 40 
Watts.

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You can also add the rides by horses or any 
other transportation methods.

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You can choose several.

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Monthly milegas shows the same graph. This 
year in the spring time there were

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some relapse. Because of the pandemic one 
could get to fewer places.

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But july went very well. The Solar Snail 
went to Tatabánya

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solar panels were changed. Not because they 
had to, but

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for measuring purposes. On this vehicle

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we're doing expmeriments. One of them is 
changing two panels,

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and we're measuring those now.

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There's a gallery of places visited, if you 
want more, you can check the Solar Snail 
(Napcsiga) facebook-page.

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Theres more than a thousand pictures. It's 
just an interesing one: this is how's Austrian 
border

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is closed, but you can cross it with this 
solar vehicle.

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This is some rest taken at the lake Balaton.

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You can have a stop, having internet connection 
with a computer,

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very pleasant interior and also casts a shadow

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as the side panels raised.

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This is at the Tihany ferry, here's some 
peaches loaded.

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This is Budapest with a pretty low amount 
of light, because of the tall houses.

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Those cast big shadow. We were to attend 
an award ceremony.

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This is a demontration, also in the capital 
city of Hungary.

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This concludes the presentation. You can 
have more on the NAPCSIGA facebbok-page.

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Thank you for listening! Hungarian Science 
Festival - 2020. november